Diabetic retinopathy is a medical condition that affects the eyes of people with diabetes. It is caused by damage to the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. Over time, high levels of blood sugar can cause these blood vessels to become weak and leaky, or to grow abnormally. This can lead to a variety of vision problems, including blurred or distorted vision, dark spots, or even vision loss. In some cases, diabetic retinopathy can also cause the growth of abnormal blood vessels on the retina, which can lead to serious complications such as retinal detachment or glaucoma. The condition is typically diagnosed through a comprehensive eye exam, and treatment options may include medication, laser therapy, or surgery, depending on the severity of the case. It is important for people with diabetes to have regular eye exams to monitor for the development of diabetic retinopathy, as early detection and treatment can help prevent vision loss.