Diabetic eye disease refers to a group of eye conditions that can occur in people with diabetes, including diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, cataracts, and glaucoma. Diabetes can cause damage to the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye, leading to vision problems and, in severe cases, blindness. Diabetic macular edema, a complication of diabetic retinopathy, is a swelling of the central part of the retina, called the macula, which can also result in vision loss. Cataract and glaucoma are also more common in people with diabetes. Early detection and treatment of diabetic eye disease are essential for preventing or delaying vision loss. Regular eye exams, maintaining good control of blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and cholesterol, and timely treatment are important measures to protect vision in people with diabetes.